Policy:Universal Code of Conduct/zh

维基媒体通用行为准则

为何我们需要《通用行为准则》

我们相信要允许尽可能多的人群主动参与维基媒体计划及其空间，以期能实现我们对每个人都可以共享所有人类知识的世界的愿景。我们相信我们的贡献者社群应尽可能多样化，具备包容性与亲近感。我们希望这些社群能为加入（以及想要加入）的人们提供积极、安全与健康的环境。我们致力保护这个社群的环境，因此才通过接受这份行为准则并按需进行更新。此外，我们希望能保护我们的计划，免于那些破坏或扭曲内容者的侵害。

根据维基媒体的使命，所有从事维基媒体专案和空间的人会：

• 协助创造一个人人都可以自由共享所有知识的世界。
• 参与一个避免偏见和成见的全球社群，以及
• 在所有工作中力求准确性和可验证性。

本通用行为准则（UCoC）定义了可接受和不可接受行为的基准。它适用于与在各个线上和线下维基媒体专案和空间中，进行交流并为之贡献的每个人，包括新手的和资深贡献者、专案工作人员、活动组织者和参与者、分支机构的员工和董／理事会成员，以及维基媒体基金会的员工和董事会成员。它适用于所有现场和虚拟活动、技术空间以及所有维基媒体专案和维基网站，以及下列类型活动）：

• 私人、公开和半公开的交流
• 讨论社群成员之间的分歧和表达团结
• 技术发展问题
• 内容贡献方面
• 代表分支机构／社群与外部合作伙伴合作的状况

1—引言

《通用行为准则》为全世界的维基媒体项目中的协作提供了行为基准。社群可在本准则的基础上，以本地与文化背景为考量，制订政策。同时，社群要将本准则所列出评判标准视作最低标准。

《通用行为准则》适用于所有维基媒体人，不含例外。违反《准则》者可受制裁。制裁可能由本地管理层和/或基金会（作为站点的法律所有人）实施。

2—期望行为

无论是新手、资深编辑、社群工作人员、分支组织或维基媒体基金会的理事会成员或员工，每个维基媒体人都应对自己的行为负责。

在所有维基媒体专案、空间和活动中的行为，都将建立在尊重、文明、合作、团结和良好公民意识上。这适用于所有贡献者和参与者彼此之间的所有互动，而不会根据年龄、精神或身体残疾、体型外表、国籍、宗教、种族和文化背景或种姓、社会阶层、语言流利性、性取向、性别认同或职业领域而给予差别对待。我们也不会根据在维基媒体专案或运动中的成就、技能或地位而给予特例。

2.1—互相尊重

我们期望所有维基媒体人都能对他人表示尊重。不论在维基媒体的线上还是线下环境，在与他人交流过程中，我们要以互相尊重的态度对待对方。

这包括但不限于：

• 有同理心。聆听并试着理解任何维基媒体人的诉求。作为维基媒体人，要随时准备挑战和调整您自己的理解、期望和行为。
• 始终假定善意，并进行具建设性、积极性的编辑；友善而真诚地提供和接受反馈。批评应该恰如其分、并具有建设性，包括具体的、可衡量的改进策略。所有维基人都应该假定善意，除非另有证据表明其他人在这里合作改进项目，但这不应该被用来证明具有有害影响的陈述是合理的。
• 尊重贡献者自称和自述。人们可能会使用特定术语来形容自己。为表示尊重，请在与这些人交流或谈论到他们时使用这些术语。例如：
  • 种族可能使用特定名称来形容自己，而不是历史上他人对他们的形容词；
  • 有些人的名字可能用了他们的语言中特有的词汇、字母或发音，与你熟知的不同；
  • 有些人可能会使用不同的名字或代词，来表示某种性取向或性别认同；
  • 有些患有特定身体或精神残疾的人，会使用特定术语来形容自己
• 在面对面的会议时时，我们要尽量欢迎所有的人，同时我们会留意并尊重彼此的喜好、感受、传统和需求。

2.2—文明、合作、团结和良好的公民意识

We strive towards the following behaviours:

• Civility is politeness in behaviour and speech amongst people, including strangers.
• Collegiality is the friendly support that people engaged in a common effort extend to each other.
• Mutual support and good citizenship means taking active responsibility for ensuring that the Wikimedia projects are productive, pleasant and safe spaces, and contribute to the Wikimedia mission.

This includes but is not limited to:

• Mentorship and coaching: Helping newcomers to find their way and acquire essential skills.
• Looking out for fellow contributors: Lend them a hand when they need support, and speak up for them when they are treated in a way that falls short of expected behaviour as per the Universal Code of Conduct.
• Recognize and credit the work done by contributors: Thank them for their help and work. Appreciate their efforts and give credit where it is due.

3 – Unacceptable behaviour

The Universal Code of Conduct aims to help community members identify situations of bad behaviour. The following behaviours are considered unacceptable within the Wikimedia movement:

3.1 – Harassment

This includes any behaviour intended primarily to intimidate, outrage or upset a person, or any behaviour where this would reasonably be considered the most likely main outcome. Behaviour can be considered harassment if it is beyond what a reasonable person would be expected to tolerate in a global, intercultural environment. Harassment often takes the form of emotional abuse, especially towards people who are in a vulnerable position, and may include contacting workplaces or friends and family members in an effort to intimidate or embarrass. In some cases, behaviour that would not rise to the level of harassment in a single case can become harassment through repetition. Harassment includes but is not limited to:

• Insults: This includes name calling, using slurs or stereotypes, and any attacks based on personal characteristics. Insults may refer to perceived characteristics like intelligence, appearance, ethnicity, race, religion (or lack thereof), culture, caste, sexual orientation, gender, sex, disability, age, nationality, political affiliation, or other characteristics. In some cases, repeated mockery, sarcasm, or aggression constitute insults collectively, even if individual statements would not.
• Sexual harassment: Sexual attention or advances of any kind towards others where the person knows or reasonably should know that the attention is unwelcome or in situations where consent cannot be communicated.
• Threats: Explicitly or implicitly suggesting the possibility of physical violence, unfair embarrassment, unfair and unjustified reputational harm, or intimidation by suggesting gratuitous legal action to win an argument or force someone to behave the way you want.
• Encouraging harm to others: This includes encouraging someone else to commit self-harm or suicide as well as encouraging someone to conduct violent attacks on a third party.
• Disclosure of personal data (Doxing): sharing other contributors' private information, such as name, place of employment, physical or email address without their explicit consent either on the Wikimedia projects or elsewhere, or sharing information concerning their Wikimedia activity outside the projects.
• Hounding: following a person across the project(s) and repeatedly critiquing their work mainly with the intent to upset or discourage them. If problems are continuing after efforts to communicate and educate, communities may need to address them through established community processes.
• Trolling: Deliberately disrupting conversations or posting in bad-faith to intentionally provoke.

3.2 – Abuse of power, privilege, or influence

Abuse occurs when someone in a real or perceived position of power, privilege, or influence engages in disrespectful, cruel, and/or violent behaviour towards other people. In Wikimedia environments, it may take the form of verbal or psychological abuse and may overlap with harassment.

• Abuse of office by functionaries, officials and staff: use of authority, knowledge, or resources at the disposal of designated functionaries, as well as officials and staff of the Wikimedia Foundation or Wikimedia affiliates, to intimidate or threaten others.
• Abuse of seniority and connections: Using one's position and reputation to intimidate others. We expect people with significant experience and connections in the movement to behave with special care because hostile comments from them may carry an unintended backlash. People with community authority have a particular privilege to be viewed as reliable and should not abuse this to attack others who disagree with them.
• Psychological manipulation: Maliciously causing someone to doubt their own perceptions, senses, or understanding with the objective to win an argument or force someone to behave the way you want.

3.3 – Content vandalism and abuse of the projects

Deliberately introducing biased, false, inaccurate or inappropriate content, or hindering, impeding or otherwise hampering the creation (and/or maintenance) of content. This includes but is not limited to:

• The repeated arbitrary or unmotivated removal of any content without appropriate discussion or providing explanation
• Systematically manipulating content to favour specific interpretations of facts or points of view (also by means of unfaithful or deliberately false rendering of sources and altering the correct way of composing editorial content)
• Hate speech in any form, or discriminatory language aimed at vilifying, humiliating, inciting hatred against individuals or groups on the basis of who they are or their personal beliefs
• The use of symbols, images, categories, tags or other kinds of content that are intimidating or harmful to others outside of the context of encyclopedic, informational use. This includes imposing schemes on content intended to marginalize or ostracize.